April 17, 2024

Do you know about Raccoons? 🦝

In this episode, we will learn a little about raccoons. We will look at their appearance, life cycle, and how they adapted to living in cities and other urban environments. We also answer listener questions regarding how legs help us move, why we are ticklish, and how our body feels pain. This is a fun one!

Sleep Tight!, 
Sheryl & Clark
❤️👂📖

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About Sleep Tight Science

Sleep Tight Science is an engaging (but not too engaging) bedtime show for the whole family that answers the questions kids have about science. Each episode explores a fascinating topic in science and technology, from the mysteries of outer space to the wonders of the human body. Sleep Tight Science is the perfect bedtime companion for curious minds of all ages. Have an interesting science topic you would like featured? Send us an email at hello@sleeptightscience.com, and we may feature it in an upcoming show.

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Transcript
00:00:44
Speaker 1: Hi, science fans. Guess what. We are launching season four of sleep Tight Science this September, and we need your help to make it extra special. Did you know that your voice can be part of our show? We want to hear your amazing voices in our show opening. It's super easy and fun to join in. Just record yourself saying you are listening to sleep Tight Science. Then send your recording to the email address in our show notes.

00:01:19
Speaker 2: How cool is that.

00:01:21
Speaker 1: We can't wait to hear all your fantastic voices. Thank you for listening. For an ad free listening experience, please check out sleep Tight Premium. A link can be found in our show notes. Thank you you're listening to sleep Tight Science. Did you know that the box jellyfish has not one, not two, but twenty four eyes? What? This ocean dweller doesn't just stop at having a lot of eyes. It has four different types of eyes, each designed for a specific purpose. That's a lot of eyes. Hello, friends, and welcome back to sleep Tight Science, a bedtime show that answers your questions about science. In this episode, we are going to talk about one of nature clever.

00:02:45
Speaker 2: Creatures, the raccoon.

00:02:47
Speaker 1: You know, the animal with the black mask around its eyes and a bushy tail with dark rings. Raccoons have long fingers and toes, and their feet almost look like ours, especially when they leave prints in the mud or snow. Their front paws and noses are super sensitive, helping them find all sorts of snacks, from plants to little critters. Raccoons are very curious animals from the time they're little. They love to explore everything around them by smelling, touching, and even nibbling on things they find during their nighttime adventures. They have forty teeth that are kind of like what you'd see in wolves. Usually, raccoons like to hang out alone, except for moms taking care of their babies. Sometimes you might find them hanging out in groups if there's a lot of food in one place, or they might share a cozy den in the winter with up to twenty three friends. The area a raccoon calls home can be big or small, depending on the amount of food and safe spots available. On average, their home turf is about the size of ninety nine football fields. We have a group of raccoons at our house, which we discovered one night when we opened our back door. There was one standing there waiting for us. Since then, they have been making regular visits at night, trying to find ways into our garbage bins. Did you know that wild box jellyfish boasts an astonishing twenty four eyes, giving it nearly a three hundred and sixty degree view of its watery world. The raccoon navigates the night with just two. Yet those two raccoon eyes are like superpowered night goggles, allowing them to see exceptionally well in the dark, unlike the jellyfish, which relies on its multitude of eyes to spotlight and movement rather than to see clear images. So while one thrives with an abundance of eyes beneath the waves, the other makes the most of a pair to rule the nighttime on land. The raccoon, with its distinctive black mask, bushy ringed tail, and nimble front paws, boasts a unique and adaptable physique that thrives in both wild and urban environments. Raccoons can weigh anywhere from five to twenty pounds. These creatures might not seem like heavyweights, but they're built for versatility. Their most notable feature is the mask of darker fur around their eyes, which isn't.

00:06:06
Speaker 2: Just for show.

00:06:08
Speaker 1: It helps reduce glare and enhances their night vision, perfect for their nocturnal explorations. Then, their fluffy tail with four to ten black bands, acts almost like a balancing tool and a cozy blanket rolled into one. But one of the most amazing things about them is their front paws. Raccoons have incredibly dexterous or agile fingers, capable of opening jars, turning doorknobs, and even unlocking cages. These nimble digits come equipped with a super sense of touch, enhanced by special hairs that send information straight to their brains even under water. Raccoons are the ultimate foodies of the animal kingdom. They're omnivores, which means they eat both plants and animals. Their menu might include fruits, nuts, berries, insects, worms, frogs, and even small mammals. Raccoons are famous for washing their food in water. It isn't about cleanliness. Wetting their paws increases their sensitivity, allowing them to better feel their dinner. Raccoons are adaptable and can make themselves at home in various environments. Originally forest dwellers, they have become urban adventurers, thriving in cities and towns due to abundant food and shelter. From the dense forests of North America to the bustling cities backyards, raccoons are comfortable almost anywhere. They're not picky about where they crash. Either treeholes, abandoned burrows, or even a cozy attic can make a fine home for these adaptable animals. Their ability to adapt to living in towns and cities has brought them in close contact with US humans, which can sometimes lead to problems. Though they are cute, they are still wild animals. One night, a group of four even chased Clark around our yard after he tried to convince them to go away. Did you know that raccoons have brains that are really good at solving puzzles and remembering solutions. Scientists found that raccoons could remember the solutions to tasks for up to three years. That's a long time. Next, let's learn a little about the life cycle of the raccoon, from when they're just tiny kits to becoming adventurous adults. In spring, as trees bud and flowers bloom, mother raccoons give birth to their offspring, known as kits. These kits are born in dens located in trees, attics, or even under porches. At birth, they are blind and death dependent on their mother for warmth and nourishment, and are small enough to fit in the palm of a hand. After about three weeks, something amazing happens. The kids open their eyes for the first time. Now they can start exploring their surroundings, but still stick close to their den. Their mom teaches them important raccoon skills.

00:10:14
Speaker 2: Like how to find food.

00:10:17
Speaker 1: Raccoons eat almost anything they can get their paws on, from fruit and nuts to insects and small animals. As the kids get older around the end of summer, they start to venture out more and practice being independent. This means they try to find food and explore new places without mom's help. It's like going from reading a book with help to reading all by yourself. By the time raccoons are one year old, they're considered adults. They have to find their own food and a place to live. Adult raccoons usually live by themselves except for mothers with their kits. They're nocturnal, which means they are most active at night. This is when they go out to find food using their incredible sense of touch and smell. Adult raccoons have their territories and areas they call home, and they only like other raccoons coming into their space.

00:11:25
Speaker 2: If it's mating season.

00:11:27
Speaker 1: That's when males and females come together and the cycle starts again with new kits in the spring. Life as a raccoon isn't always easy. They have to watch over predators like owls and coyotes, and deal with cars and people when they live near towns. Finding food can be challenging, especially in cities, but raccoons are smart and adaptable. They learn quickly and remember where they can find good things to eat. So that's the life cycle of a raccoon, from helpless kits to curious youngsters to independent adults. Raccoons are one of our favorite animals living in the forest and rivers near our home. Are there raccoons where you live? Did you know that raccoons are native to North America? You can find them wandering from Canada all the way down to Panama. While raccoons are not native elsewhere, they have been introduced to several other regions around the world world, including Europe and parts of Asia. In Europe, countries like Germany, France, and Spain have seen growing populations of raccoons where they were either released into the wild or escaped from captivity. Similarly, in Asia, raccoons have been introduced to Japan and have established themselves, particularly in areas around Tokyo. These introduced populations often thrive due to a lack of natural predators and can impact local wildlife and ecosystems. Now for some listener questions. Our first question comes from Nikitha, who is eight years old and comes from the Zakapathum India. Nikitha asks, why do our bodies feel pain? Of your body as having its own warning system. When you get hurt, like if you scrape your knee or touch something too hot, your body sends out super fast signals through your nerves, which are like tiny messenger pathways. These signals zoom all the way up to your brain, and your brain.

00:14:05
Speaker 2: Reads these messages and reacts out that hurt.

00:14:10
Speaker 1: This alarm system, which we call pain, is really important because it tells us when something is not right. It's like your body saying, hey, pay attention here, we might be in danger or need to fix something. So if you didn't feel pain and left your hand on something hot, you could get a bad burn without even knowing it. Also, pain helps us learn what to avoid so we don't get hurt again. It's part of learning to care for ourselves and stay safe. So even though it's not fun to feel pain, it's a really important way our bodies help to protect us.

00:14:53
Speaker 2: Thank you for the question, Nikitha.

00:14:56
Speaker 1: Our next question comes from Helen Kotz, who is seven years old and lives in Texas. Helen asks why do we laugh when we get tickled. Tickling triggers a complex response in our nervous system, leading to laughter. When someone tickles you, Sensory receptors in our skin send signals through the nerves to the somatosensory cortex in our brain, the area responsible.

00:15:26
Speaker 2: For processing touch.

00:15:29
Speaker 1: This signal then travels to the hypothalamus, part of the brain that deals with emotional responses and helps regulate our laughter. This part of your brain gets a bit surprised and thinks, oh, that's an unexpected and.

00:15:45
Speaker 2: Makes you laugh.

00:15:48
Speaker 1: Laughing when we're tickled is also a way of our body saying, hey, that's enough. It's like when you're playing a game, something surprises you and you can't help but shout or laugh. Scientists also think that laughing when we're tickled might be a way we learn to bond and play with each other, like when families and friends laugh and have fun together. So getting tickled and laughing is just one of the quirky and fun ways our bodies and brains work together to help us connect with others. Helen also asked why isn't my dad ticklish? Some people might not seem ticklish for a few reasons. One big reason is how our brain processes the sensation of being tickled. If the brain doesn't interpret the touch as ticklish, or someone is very good at controlling their reactions, they might not laugh or squirm when tickled. Everyone's body is a bit different too. Some people have more sensitive skin or areas where they're more likely to feel ticklish, and for others, their mind and body might not respond strongly to tickling. Thank you for the question, Helen. Our last question comes from Iana from Adelaide, Australia, who is four years old. Iana asks how do our legs help us move? Our legs function as dynamic systems for movement, utilizing skeletal, muscular, and nervous systems in coordination. The process begins with the central nervous system, where the brain generates motor commands after deciding to move. These commands are relaid through neurons acting as messengers to.

00:17:54
Speaker 2: The specific muscles in the legs. Here's how it works.

00:18:00
Speaker 1: When you decide to take a step, your brain tells the muscles at the front of your thighs to tighten up and pull your leg forward. Then the muscles at the back of your thighs and calves kick in to push your foot off the ground. It's like using a pair of paddles to push yourself forward in water. Your legs also have bones that give them shape and help support your body. The biggest bone in your body, the femur, is in your thigh. It works with other bones in your legs and feet to hold you up and help you balance so you don't tip over when moving. And don't forget about your knees. They act like hinges on a door, bending and straightening so your legs can move smoothly as you walk, run, or dance. Every time you move, your legs work together to get you where you want to go. Thank you for the question, Ayana, Did you know that raccoons look like Nature's little bandits with their distinctive black masks that make them look.

00:19:17
Speaker 2: Like they're always up to something sneaky. But that's not all.

00:19:22
Speaker 1: As we said earlier, they have hands that can open jars, on lockages and even turn doorknobs, so we should always keep our doors locked at night at our house. Speaking of hands, do you remember that we said raccoons are famous for washing their food before eating it. It's not because they're picky eaters or concerned about germs. It's believed they do this because whetting their paws enhances their sense of touch. So next time you see a raccoon dipping its dinner in water, it's just trying to get a better feel for its meal. But wait, there's more. Raccoons have a sweet tooth, just like us. They're known to raid campsites and even urban trash bins in search of tasty treats. This has earned them the title of ultimate snack bandits, capable of navigating complex obstacles to get to their sugary loot. It's like they're on a constant quest the next big snack heist. Lastly, did you know that raccoons can make old for fifty different sounds to communicate with each other. They have their own language from purs whistles, growls, and screams. Raccoons are curious, clever, and have a knack for getting into the funniest situations, all in the pursuit of their next great snack. In this episode, we learned a little about raccoons. We looked at their appearance, their life cycle, and how they have adapted to living in cities and more urban places. Raccoons have very long fingers and toes which are very sensitive and allow them to open doors and things. Raccoons prefer to live alone, unless it's a mother and her kits or baby raccoons. The raccoon's ability to adapt and live in places that are not their normal homes has brought them into contact with us.

00:21:49
Speaker 2: But remember, even though.

00:21:51
Speaker 1: They are cute, they are still wild animals. We had questions from Nikitha, Helen Coont's and Ayana regarding how legs help us move, why we are ticklish, and how our body feels pain. Thank you to Shrija six years old from Usaka, Pachum, India, Jarrett five years old from Everson, Washington, Naomi Truloff four from Australia. Aika six years old in Nottingham, UK, Wilfrid five from Toronto, Tyler who is seven and Tadam who is nine from Paragain Springs Old, Australia. Joe aged eight and Jay aged six from Ireland. Juno age eight from abbats British Columbia, Nate age seven from Melbourne, Australia, Case age five from Abbotsford, British Columbia, five year old, Caden Grantham, Giselle in Iowa who is five years old, Rosa five years old, Sophie Taylor Lincoln aged eight from Maitland, Australia, Dexter age six from Newcastle upon Tyne, Teddy aged eight and Edith aged five from Norwalk, and Alexander age six. We would love to get your feedback on our show. If you have any feedback, please send it our way. If you want to make sure you get all the episodes, please ask your parents to subscribe. You can find us on Apple Podcasts or wherever your parents listen to podcasts. If you love learning about science with us, please leave us a review. It may help others find our show. If you'd like to send us your questions, please send them to Hello at sleep tightscience dot com, sleep Tight